'Digital sobriety' can halt tech-fuelled global warming, says report
Our tech addiction is cooking the planet. The manufacture and use of smartphones, computers and TVs will produce 4 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions by 2020 and 8 per cent by 2025.
That’s the conclusion of a report on the sustainability of the digital technology sector put together by 12 experts for a Paris-based think tank called The Shift Project, which says that energy use in this sector is increasing by 9 per cent each year.
In theory, digital technology could replace other activities that produce even more emissions. For instance, people might be using video conferencing instead of flying to meetings. But this isn’t happening, says Maxime Efoui-Hess, one of the authors of the report.
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“The ‘good effects’ of digital technologies, in terms of energy consumption and associated greenhouse gas emissions, are constantly neutralised at global scale by the fact that we use these technologies without thinking about the right way to do it,” she says.
Digital sobriety
The Shift Project wants companies and governments to adopt “digital sobriety” as a principle. That means buying less powerful machines, replacing them less frequently and not using energy-intensive approaches where possible.
But while there is some evidence that consumers are replacing smartphones less often, the general trend is to do more with ever more powerful machines. Artificial intelligence in particular is extremely energy-intensive .
The report’s definition of digital technology includes the data centres that store and supply internet content, along with the equipment needed to access it, from phones to Wi-Fi routers. It does not include digital equipment in cars and factories. As there are no official global measures of digital energy use, the team instead had to make estimates based on what available data, such as statistics on the sales of TVs and other hardware.
The report updates a 2015 study by Anders Andrae of Huawei Technologies . That study has been criticised for greatly overestimating the growth in energy consumption. The new work, however, suggests digital energy use is growing much faster than previously predicted. “The report is sound,” says Andrae. “They have thought a lot about the problem at hand.”