It is 44 years since CITES, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora , came into force. Writing in the latest issue of Science , Eyal Frank at the University of Chicago and David Wilcox at Princeton University draw attention to a major problem with the treaty: its tendency to fall behind the times. Frank and Wilcox call for scientific knowledge on conservation to be “applied with more urgency” so that CITES can offer protection for wildlife the moment …